912 research outputs found
The Buffered \pi-Calculus: A Model for Concurrent Languages
Message-passing based concurrent languages are widely used in developing
large distributed and coordination systems. This paper presents the buffered
-calculus --- a variant of the -calculus where channel names are
classified into buffered and unbuffered: communication along buffered channels
is asynchronous, and remains synchronous along unbuffered channels. We show
that the buffered -calculus can be fully simulated in the polyadic
-calculus with respect to strong bisimulation. In contrast to the
-calculus which is hard to use in practice, the new language enables easy
and clear modeling of practical concurrent languages. We encode two real-world
concurrent languages in the buffered -calculus: the (core) Go language and
the (Core) Erlang. Both encodings are fully abstract with respect to weak
bisimulations
Projected Density Matrix Embedding Theory with Applications to the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model
Density matrix embedding theory (DMET) is a quantum embedding theory for
strongly correlated systems. From a computational perspective, one bottleneck
in DMET is the optimization of the correlation potential to achieve
self-consistency, especially for heterogeneous systems of large size. We
propose a new method, called projected density matrix embedding theory
(p-DMET), which achieves self-consistency without needing to optimize a
correlation potential. We demonstrate the performance of p-DMET on the
two-dimensional Hubbard model.Comment: 25 pages, 8 figure
Auditor Bargaining Power and Audit Fee Lowballing
Incoming auditors usually charge less audit fees to obtain the business (audit fee lowballing). Prior research shows that industry expert auditors have better expertise and resources to perform higher quality audit than the non-expert auditors. Consistent with this literature, we predict and find empirical evidence that the magnitude of lowballing will be significantly smaller for industry expert auditors comparing with non-experts auditors. This result adds new evidence of the impact of auditors’ barging power to the audit fee lowballing literature.Â
Feature-Enhanced Network with Hybrid Debiasing Strategies for Unbiased Learning to Rank
Unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) aims to mitigate various biases existing in
user clicks, such as position bias, trust bias, presentation bias, and learn an
effective ranker. In this paper, we introduce our winning approach for the
"Unbiased Learning to Rank" task in WSDM Cup 2023. We find that the provided
data is severely biased so neural models trained directly with the top 10
results with click information are unsatisfactory. So we extract multiple
heuristic-based features for multi-fields of the results, adjust the click
labels, add true negatives, and re-weight the samples during model training.
Since the propensities learned by existing ULTR methods are not decreasing
w.r.t. positions, we also calibrate the propensities according to the click
ratios and ensemble the models trained in two different ways. Our method won
the 3rd prize with a DCG@10 score of 9.80, which is 1.1% worse than the 2nd and
25.3% higher than the 4th.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, WSDM Cup 202
Trustworthy Edge Machine Learning: A Survey
The convergence of Edge Computing (EC) and Machine Learning (ML), known as
Edge Machine Learning (EML), has become a highly regarded research area by
utilizing distributed network resources to perform joint training and inference
in a cooperative manner. However, EML faces various challenges due to resource
constraints, heterogeneous network environments, and diverse service
requirements of different applications, which together affect the
trustworthiness of EML in the eyes of its stakeholders. This survey provides a
comprehensive summary of definitions, attributes, frameworks, techniques, and
solutions for trustworthy EML. Specifically, we first emphasize the importance
of trustworthy EML within the context of Sixth-Generation (6G) networks. We
then discuss the necessity of trustworthiness from the perspective of
challenges encountered during deployment and real-world application scenarios.
Subsequently, we provide a preliminary definition of trustworthy EML and
explore its key attributes. Following this, we introduce fundamental frameworks
and enabling technologies for trustworthy EML systems, and provide an in-depth
literature review of the latest solutions to enhance trustworthiness of EML.
Finally, we discuss corresponding research challenges and open issues.Comment: 27 pages, 7 figures, 10 table
Cognitive reappraisal and empathy chain-mediate the association between relative deprivation and prosocial behavior in adolescents
BackgroundRelative deprivation is one of the factors that influences the development of personality and behavior. However, it is still unclear whether and how relative deprivation decreases the prosocial behavior in adolescents. This study aimed to examine the association between relative deprivation and adolescent prosocial behavior and the role of emotion regulation strategies and empathy in modifying this association.MethodsThe present study included 609 secondary school students (M = 15.42 years, SD = 0.653) in Fujian Province, China. All participants completed the Relative Deprivation Questionnaire, Emotion Regulation Scale, the Basic Empathy Scale, and Prosocial Behavior Scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and Mplus 7.4.ResultsRelative deprivation was negatively correlated with cognitive reappraisal, but positively correlated with expressive suppression. Cognitive reappraisal was positively correlated with empathy and prosocial behavior, but expressive suppression was not. Empathy was positively correlated with prosocial behavior. Relative deprivation decreased prosocial behavior through (a) cognitive reappraisal, (b) empathy, and (c) chain mediation of cognitive reappraisal and empathy. No significant mediating effect of expressive suppression was found.ConclusionThe results indicate that relative deprivation decreases adolescent prosocial behavior, and that cognitive reappraisal and empathy are the potential psychological mechanisms that affect the association between relative deprivation and adolescent prosocial behavior
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